AN INTERESTING PIECE OF LITTLE KNOWN HISTORY ~

I will answer for Axis Sally, alias Mildred Gillars.

Basically, people thought that she had been sinned against at least as much as she had sinned.

Before the war Gillars had aspired to be an actress. She went to New York and took acting lessons that she paid for by working various low-paying jobs. She was never able to break into the business, however, and grew weary of living in poverty. She managed to go abroad and worked as a seamstress in Algiers of all places before getting herself to Dresden in Germany, where in 1934 she found a job teaching English. She moved to Berlin in 1940 where she found a job working at German State Radio.

While in Germany she also found a fiancé. He helped her out financially as she was still struggling, and for this reason she didn’t want to leave him even when the US Embassy began encouraging American citizens to return to the US owing to the War. Gillars had lived in poverty before the War in New York, and she was afraid to return to that. In late 1941 Germany and the US declared war on each other; and her fiancé was sent to the front where he was killed: Gillars was now trapped.

She still had her job at German State Radio, however, where she was “discovered” and cast in a new propaganda show aimed at American service members. She had very little choice in the matter, and she basically did what her handlers told her to do and read off what they set in front of her. She had no other means of supporting herself and had to eat; so she did what they asked her to do because she was afraid that they would fire her and let her starve if she didn’t.

At her trial after the war people found her just kind of pathetic and helpless, a quiet, inoffensive woman whom others had bossed around and ordered to do things. Yes, she was convicted and imprisoned; but she was quietly paroled in 1961. She had converted to Catholicism whilst in prison and after her release found a job teaching German and French at a Catholic school in Ohio. She lived out her days quietly, and none of her neighbours had an ill word to say about her — they were all, in fact, shocked when she died in 1988 and they learnt from the obituaries that she had been Axis Sally during the War.